| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Aurel Baranga ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Aurel Baranga
Aurel Baranga (born Aurel Leibovici; June 20, 1913–June 10, 1979) was a Romanian playwright and poet.
Born into a Jewish family in Bucharest, his parents were company clerk Jean Leibovici and his wife Paulina. He graduated from Matei Basarab High School in 1931 and from the University of Bucharest's medical faculty in 1938. His first published work appeared in 1929 in ''Bilete de Papagal''. Together with Gherasim Luca, he edited ''Alge'' magazine in 1930-1931, and also contributed to ''Unu''. His ''Poeme cu orbi'', a volume of avant-garde poetry, appeared in 1933. Between 1934 and 1940, he submitted reportages, satirical pieces and drama reviews to ''Facla'', ''Cuvântul liber'', ''Reporter, Azi'' and ''Lumea românească''. After the King Michael Coup of 1944, he became an editor of ''România Liberă'', and also worked at Radiodifuziunea Română (1945), ''Urzica'' (editor, 1949-1979), the National Theatre Bucharest (1949-1953; 1958-1961) and ''Viața Românească''. He published a volume of reportages, ''Ninge peste Ucraina'' (1945);〔 dealing with the Holocaust in Transnistria Governorate, it was among the few accounts on the topic published in immediate postwar Romania.〔Radu Ioanid, "Romania", in David S. Wyman, Charles H. Rosenzveig (eds.), ''The World Reacts to the Holocaust'', p. 238. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-8018-4969-1〕 Avant-garde elements persisted in his 1946 book of poetry, ''Marea furtună''.〔 Baranga wrote the lyrics to "Zdrobite cătușe", Romania's national anthem between 1948 and 1953.〔Stan Stoica, Dinu C. Giurescu (eds.), ''Dicționar de istorie a României'', p. 180. Bucharest: Editura Meronia, 2007. ISBN 973-783-921-8〕
Baranga's first play, written in the socialist realist style promoted by the governing Romanian Communist Party, was the 1946 ''Bal în Făgădău''. His first real success came with the comedy ''Mielul turbat'' (1954), which featured characters special to his drama, and who reappeared in ''Adam și Eva'' (1963), ''Sfântul Mitică Blajinu'' (1966), ''Opinia publică'' (1967) and ''Interesul general'' (1971).〔 Generally speaking, his plays revolve around work and family. His worker-protagonists are functionaries who find themselves in a bureaucratic hierarchy, the stage decor consisting of files, waste-paper baskets and charts on walls, their main activity being the generation of more files. Characters are defined by how they serve the institution: those who show initiative, energy, honesty and devotion to the "general interest" are good; those who place their own interests first and lie, slander, delay and forge in order to attain it are bad.〔 His 1975 ''Viața unei femei'' is a psychological drama in which the heroine stages her own past, playing herself. The 1978 ''Jurnal de atelier'' features a selection of diary entries covering thirty years and reworked from a 1970s perspective; they include information about the conception and composition of his plays, fragments of poetry, autobiographical notes, sketches of artists and acidic portraits of nomenklatura members, written with the cynicism of a man who was himself the beneficiary of many privileges from the communist regime.〔
In 1978, terminally ill, he launched into a self-criticism, addressing a letter to the National Colloquium of Dramatic Literature. There, he recognized the failure of part of his work, confessing that it featured "manipulated mannequins" and "minutely made-up characters", which, as a "rudimentary notion of aesthetics" could reveal, disfigured the reality they sought to convey. He won the State Prize in 1954 and the Prize of the Bucharest Writers' Association in 1975.〔Aurel Sasu (ed.), ''Dicționarul biografic al literaturii române'', vol. I, p. 106. Pitești: Editura Paralela 45, 2004. ISBN 973-697-758-7〕 The ruling party appreciated him for following its directives in his writing, while the public enjoyed his ironic comments toward bureaucracy and demagogy, which seemed to indicate a form of assertiveness. Critic Alex. Ștefănescu describes him as "an I. L. Caragiale produced by communist culture, which means a subdued, decolorized and predictable I. L. Caragiale".〔 Alex. Ștefănescu, ("Aurel Baranga" ), in ''România Literară'', nr. 14/2003〕
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Aurel Baranga」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|